

To include figures in your thesis you will need to use either the
"includegraphics" or the "psfig" commands (the
AASTeX "plotone" and "plottwo" will not work).
The grad school guidelines have a few instructions for including
figures (but mostly they deal with special cases, i.e., oversized
figures). On the whole, I would recommend just including all figures
for a given chapter at the end of the chapter, one per page, and you
should be fine.
Since I am most familiar with the "includegraphics" format,
I'll give an example of it here:
\begin{figure}
\resizebox{\textwidth}{!}{\includegraphics{figure.eps}}
\caption[short caption for table of figures]{Long Caption to appear
with the figure. \label{figurelabel} }
\end{figure}
In that example I also include a little trick to resize the figure so
that it will fit on the page (that's the
"\resizebox{\textwidth}{!}{ }" command). If you want to
size the figure to something else, then replace "\textwidth"
with whatever size you'd like to use for the width (and it can be a
fixed size such as "3in").
\begin{figure}
\resizebox{\textwidth}{!}{\rotatebox{-90}{\includegraphics{figure.eps}}}
\caption[short caption for table of figures]{Long Caption to appear
with the figure. \label{figurelabel} }
\end{figure}
This is an error that I have encountered multiple times, but generally these encounters are so far apart that by the next time I see it, I've forgotten what it actually means. Anyway, when this error happens, latex stops running at that point. The gist of this error is: there are too many "floats" (namely figures or tables) in a row in your document and latex chokes on them. The "quick-and-dirty" fix is to periodically add the command "\clearpage" between figures and/or tables (this will clean out latex's buffer and start a new page in the document). In a thesis, you don't need to worry about figures/tables carrying over from one chapter to the next, you only need to worry about figures/tables within a single chapter at a time (something equivalent to the \clearpage command is issued between each chapter when you use either an \include{} statement to include a new file, or use "\chapter{}" to start a new chapter).